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<li><p>什么是注解?</p>
<p>(1)注解是代码特殊标记,格式: @注解名称(属性名称=属性值)</p>
<p>(2)使用注解,注解作用在类上面 方法上面 属性上面 </p>
<p>(3)目的: 为了简化xml配置</p>
</li>
<li><p>Spring针对Bean管理中创建对象提供注解Bean管理(创建对象)</p>
<p>(1)@Component</p>
<p>(2)@Service 业务层</p>
<p>(3)@Controller 表现层</p>
<p>(4)@Repository 持久层</p>
<ul>
<li>上面四个注解功能是一样的 都可以用来创建bean实例</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><p>基于注解创建对象</p>
<ul>
<li><p>引入依赖</p>
<p>spring-aop-5.2.6.RELEASE.jar</p>
</li>
<li><p>开启组件扫描</p>
<p><img src= "" data-lazy-src="https://gitee.com/xyingtao/blogimage/raw/master/image-20210302214354623.png" alt="image-20210302214354623"></p>
</li>
<li><p>使用注解</p>
<figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">//在注解里面value属性值可以省略不写，</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//默认值是类名称，首字母小写</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//UserService -- userService</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//@Component(value = &quot;userService&quot;)  //&lt;bean id=&quot;userService&quot; class=&quot;..&quot;/&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">@Service</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title class_">UserService</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="meta">@Value(value = &quot;abc&quot;)</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">private</span> String name;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">//定义dao类型属性</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">//不需要添加set方法</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">//添加注入属性注解</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//    @Autowired  //根据类型进行注入</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//    @Qualifier(value = &quot;userDaoImpl1&quot;) //根据名称进行注入</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//    private UserDao userDao;</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">//@Resource  //根据类型进行注入</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="meta">@Resource(name = &quot;userDaoImpl1&quot;)</span>  <span class="comment">//根据名称进行注入</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">private</span> UserDao userDao;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title function_">add</span><span class="params">()</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        System.out.println(<span class="string">&quot;service add.......&quot;</span>+name);</span><br><span class="line">        userDao.add();</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p><img src= "" data-lazy-src="https://gitee.com/xyingtao/blogimage/raw/master/image-20210302222149143.png" alt="image-20210302222149143"></p>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><p>基于注解方式实现属性注入(集合类型只能通过xml)</p>
<p>(1)@Autowired: 根据属性类型自动装配</p>
<ul>
<li><p>把service和dao对象创建,在service和dao类添加创建对象注解</p>
</li>
<li><p>把service注入dao对象,在service类添加属性,在属性上面使用注解</p>
</li>
<li><p>set方法不是必须的</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>(2)@Qualifier:根据属性名称进行注入</p>
<ul>
<li>需要和@Autowired一起使用</li>
</ul>
<p>(3)@Resource: 可以根据类型注入 可以根据名称注入</p>
<ul>
<li>@Resource(name=’’’’)</li>
</ul>
<p>(4)@Value:注入普通类型属性</p>
</li>
<li><p>完全注解开发</p>
<figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">@Configuration</span>  <span class="comment">//作为配置类，替代xml配置文件</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">@ComponentScan(basePackages = &#123;&quot;com.atguigu&quot;&#125;)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title class_">SpringConfig</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>测试代码</p>
<figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">@Test</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title function_">testService2</span><span class="params">()</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">//加载配置类</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="type">ApplicationContext</span> <span class="variable">context</span></span><br><span class="line">            <span class="operator">=</span> <span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="title class_">AnnotationConfigApplicationContext</span>(SpringConfig.class);</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="type">UserService</span> <span class="variable">userService</span> <span class="operator">=</span> context.getBean(<span class="string">&quot;userService&quot;</span>, UserService.class);</span><br><span class="line">    System.out.println(userService);</span><br><span class="line">    userService.add();</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></li>
</ol>
<h3 id="用于改变作用范围的"><a href="#用于改变作用范围的" class="headerlink" title="用于改变作用范围的"></a>用于改变作用范围的</h3><p> 作用和在bean标签中使用scope标签实现的功能一样</p>
<h5 id="Scope"><a href="#Scope" class="headerlink" title="@Scope"></a>@Scope</h5><p>**作用:**用于指定bean的作用范围</p>
<p><strong>属性</strong>:value:用于指定范围的取值: singleton prototype 默认单例</p>
<h3 id="和生命周期相关的-了解"><a href="#和生命周期相关的-了解" class="headerlink" title="和生命周期相关的(了解)"></a>和生命周期相关的(了解)</h3><p>作用就和在bean 标签中适用init-method 和destroy-method的作用一样</p>
<h5 id="PreDestroy"><a href="#PreDestroy" class="headerlink" title="@PreDestroy"></a>@PreDestroy</h5><p>用于指定销毁方法</p>
<h5 id="PostConstruct"><a href="#PostConstruct" class="headerlink" title="@PostConstruct"></a>@PostConstruct</h5><p>用于指定初始化方法</p>
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